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Ecology Ecosystem# Definition, components ,energy flow, food chain, food web, ecological pyramids

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The term ecosystem was first coined by Sir Arthur George Tansley, 1935.                 *Sir Arthur George Tansley*  D efinition:  "The ecosystem is the basic  functional unit of organisms and their environment, interacting with each other and within their own components" ...E.P.Odum , 1971.           Components of ecosystem An ecosystem consists of Biotic & Abiotic components . Biotic/Living components are Autotroph   and Heterotroph .     Autotroph  are generally  phytoplanktons,  photosynthetic bacteria(e.g.green sulphur bacteria),   chemosynthetic bacteria (e.g. Nitrosomonas)  and  green plants which prepare their own food(potential energy ).           Heterotrophs  consume products of autotrophs or decompose dead organic matters . On the basis of feeding habit consumers may be 1st order ,2nd ...