Human Physiology 3rd Semester, Topic ... Neuroglia
Neuroglia is the supporting/interstitial and insulating tissue present in the both the grey and white matter of Central Nervous System
(CNS) and composed of three types of cells :
(1) Astrocytes
*Fibrous and
*Protoplasmic
(2) Oligodendroglia or
Oligodendrocyte and
(3) Microglia .
Number of neuroglia is 10--15 times than the neurones of CNS.
Astrocytes
(i) Star shaped cells with many radiating cytoplasmic processes.
(ii)Fibrous types have more intermediate filaments and present in white matter .
(iii) Protoplasmic types are resent on the grey matter .
(iv) Cytoplasmic processes may attach to capillaries , neurones and synapse .
Function:
(i) Astrocytes present around the blood vessels wall to regulate the ionic balance by removing K+ in CNS .
(ii) Astrocytes act as blood-brain barrier in CNS.
(iii) Astrocytes produce membrane potential .
(iv) Astrocytes also removes GABA , glutamate etc from the CNS .
Oligodendrocytes:
These are smaller than Astrocytes and also have less number of processes .
Function:
Oligodendrocytes form myelin sheath in CNS.
Microglia:
These are small cells processing long thin tortuous like structures.
Function:
Perform phagocytosis and motility in blood vessels of CNS.
(2) What is oligodendroglia ?Mention its function. 1+2 =3, 2016
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